Golden Poses, also known as Key poses, are defined as simple keys within the storyboards, poses that are important to the character’s action that happens within the frames in between each page of a storyboard. These specific poses are mainly used to express the character and to show what is happening within the animation. 

The main idea of golden poses are used to detect the importance of each movement within the frames in a sequence, overall helping animators and artists to figure out how many ideas and images you need within the scene. With the help of unique frames and timings, golden poses help to smoothen the transitions of the frames and overall give better visual cues in the sequence and animation.

https://learn.foundry.com/modo/12.1/content/help/pages/animation/tools/spacing_chart.html#:~:text=These%20are%20also%20referred%20to,it’s%20important%20to%20the%20story.

https://www.adobe.com/creativecloud/animation/discover/animation-key-poses.html#:~:text=In%20animation%2C%20the%20key%20pose,with%20unique%20frames%20and%20timings.